voice disorders or voice problems are one of the most common diseases that affect their professional vocal apparatus. they affect teachers, radio announcers, singers, etc.. However, not only professionals mentioned above may suffer from these problems, but also all those who once forced her vocal mechanism beyond its limits. The proper use of voice requires optimal functioning of respiration, neuromuscular tension and vocal technique. The causes of voice disorders can be grouped into vocal abuse and misuse in mechanical trauma and trauma due to burns.
In this article we discuss the alterations caused by abuse or misuse of the voice and whose most characteristic symptoms are dysphonia and aphonia. General anatomical. The voice production systems depends on phonatory, respiratory and resonance. The phonatory system consists of the laryngeal cartilage composed of nine individual, three odd (cricoid, thyroid, epiglottis) and three pairs (arytenoids, reticulated and cuneiform). In the adenoids, specifically in their vocal processes, are the vocal cords which bind to the thyroid cartilage. Besides the mentioned cartilage, larynx has two groups of muscles, extrinsic muscle group so named because an insertion point is in the larynx and the other point structures outside the larynx. Its functions are to set the position of the larynx in the neck. The other group of muscles, called intrinsic, are all points of entry into the larynx and have the function to give the laryngeal phonatory capabilities.
The extrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VII (facial) and XII (hypoglossal). The intrinsic muscles are innervated by the nerve X (vagus). The respiratory system consists of an upper airway consists of the cavity nasal, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, and lower airway consists of the trachea, bronchus and lung. The upper airway function is to participate in the processes of respiration, chewing, swallowing, articulation, resonance and phonation. The lower airway only works in the respiratory processes of life support and breathing to produce speech. The respiratory system has divided muscle groups muscles of inspiration (diaphragm, external intercostal, scalene, pectoralis major and minor and sternocleidomastoid) and expiratory muscles (abdominal and internal intercostals). The respiratory muscles are under voluntary control and involuntary nervous system. The resonance system is made up of supra glottic structures (on the level of the vocal cords). The acoustic resonance is a phenomenon in which a vibrating structure moves air in a cavity filled with air, which causes the walls of this cavity vibrate Are you interested in this item? Download here: Visit:
